The highs and lows of written feedback: student evaluation of writing centre written responses

Authors

  • Eva Shackel Bath Spa University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi27.999

Keywords:

written feedback, dyslexia, learning development, feedback

Abstract

In-person, one-to-one verbal feedback has long been prioritised in learning development. However, there are instances where written feedback proves to be a more convenient option. This study investigated the reasons why students request, and how they perceive, the written feedback they receive from a writing centre at a university in the UK. To gather insights, 249 students who had received written feedback during the academic year 2020-21 were invited to complete a questionnaire. 54 students responded, representing a response rate of 21.6%. In addition, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 11 students. It was found that most students requested written feedback due to convenience, although some, particularly those with dyslexia, preferred written feedback over in-person feedback as it allows them to reflect on, and process, the information in their own time. The detailed nature of the written feedback increases the students’ perception that the university cares about them, which makes them feel valued and important. Although the findings relate to written feedback, they are relevant for in-person feedback by emphasising how important it is to allow students with dyslexia the time they need to write, listen and speak, during writing centre appointments. 

Author Biography

Eva Shackel, Bath Spa University

Eva Shackel is a learning developer at Bath Spa University and a fellow of the Higher Education Academy.

References

Archer, A. (2008) ‘Investigating the effect of writing centre interventions on student writing’, South African Journal of Higher Education, 22(2), pp.248-264. https://doi.org/10.4314/sajhe.v22i2.25784

Babcock, R.D. and Thonus, T. (2018) Researching the writing center: towards an evidence-based practice. Oxford: Peter Lang.

Bacon, A.M. and Bennett, S. (2013) 'Dyslexia in Higher Education: the decision to study art', European Journal of Special Needs Education, 28(1), pp. 19-32. https://doi.org/10.1080/08856257.2012.742748

Beaumont, C., Moscrop, C. and Canning, S. (2016) ‘Easing the transition from school to HE: scaffolding the development of self-regulated learning through a dialogic approach to feedback’, Journal of Further and Higher Education, 40(3), pp. 331–350. https://doi.org/10.1080/0309877X.2014.953460

Blair, A. and McGinty S. (2013), ‘Feedback-dialogues: Exploring the student perspective’, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 38(4) pp. 466-476. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2011.649244

Blair, A., Curtis, S., Goodwin, M. and Shields, S. (2013) 'What feedback do students want?', Politics, 33(1), pp. 66-79. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9256.2012.01446.x

Braun, V. and Clarke, V. (2006) ‘Using thematic analysis in psychology’, Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), pp.77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Burke, D. and Pietrick, J. (2010) Giving students effective written feedback. Maidenhead: Open University Press.

Butler, R. (1988) 'Enhancing and undermining intrinsic motivation: The effects of task‐involving and ego‐involving evaluation on interest and performance.', British Journal of Educational Psychology, 58(1), pp. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8279.1988.tb00874.x

Carless, D. (2006), ‘Differing perceptions in the feedback process’, Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), pp. 219–233. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572132

Dison, A. and Collett, K.S. (2019) ‘Decentering and recentering the writing centre using online feedback: Towards a collaborative model of integrating academic literacies development’, Stellenbosch Papers in Linguistics Plus, 2019(57), pp.79-98. Available at: http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/spilplus/v57/07.pdf (Accessed: 2 April 2023)

Duncan, N. (2007). 'Feed-forward': Improving students' use of tutors' comments. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 32(3), pp.271–283. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930600896498

Glazzard, J. and Stones, S. (2019) ‘Student perceptions of feedback in higher education’, International Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research, 18(11), pp.38-52. https://doi.org/10.26803/ijlter.18.11.3

Handley, K., Price, M. and Millar, J. (2011) ‘Beyond ‘doing time’: investigating the concept of student engagement with feedback’, Oxford Review of Education, 37(4), pp. 543-560. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23047914

Hao, Q. and Tsikerdekis, M., (2019), ‘How automated feedback is delivered matters: Formative feedback and knowledge transfer’, IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference, 1 October, pp.1-6. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE43999.2019.9028686

Hattie, J. and Clarke, S. (2018) Visible learning: feedback. London: Routledge.

Hattie, J. and Timperley, H. (2007) 'The power of feedback', Review of Educational Research, 77(1), pp. 81-112. https://doi.org/10.3102/003465430298487

Hoon, T.B. (2009) ‘Assessing the efficacy of writing centres: A review of selected evaluation studies’. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 17(2), pp. 47-54. Available at: https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/153798306.pdf (Accessed: 2 April 2023)

Hyland, F. (1998) 'The impact of teacher written feedback on individual writers', Journal of Second Language Writing, 7(3), pp. 255-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1060-3743(98)90017-0

Ibarra-Sáiz, M.S., Rodríguez-Gómez, G. and Boud, D. (2020) ‘Developing student competence through peer assessment: the role of feedback, self-regulation and evaluative judgement’, Higher Education, 80(1), pp.137-156. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00469-2

Jolly, B. and Boud, D. (2013) 'Written feedback: what is it good for, and how can we do it well?', in Boud, D. and Molloy, E. (eds.) Feedback in higher and professional education London: Routledge, pp. 104-124.

Jones, C. (2001) ‘The relationship between writing centers and improvement in writing ability: an assessment of the literature’, Education, 122(1), pp. 3-20. Available at: https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?p=AONE&u=googlescholar&id=GALE|A80856249&v=2.1&it=r&sid=googleScholar&asid=0eb45abc (Accessed: 5 April 2023).

Keith, S., Stives, K.L., Kerr, L.J. and Kastner, S. (2020) 'The role of academic background and the writing centre on students’ academic achievement in a writing-intensive criminological theory course’, Educational Studies, 46(2), pp.154-169, https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2018.1541788

Loddick, A. and Coulson, K. (2020) ‘The impact of learning development tutorials on student attainment’, Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, (17), pp. 1-24. https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi17.558

Mortimore, T. and Crozier, W.R. (2006) ‘Dyslexia and difficulties with study skills in higher education’, Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), pp. 235-251. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572173

Nicol, D. (2010) 'From monologue to dialogue: improving written feedback processes in mass higher education', Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 35(5), pp. 505-517. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602931003786559

Nicol, D. and Macfarlane‐Dick, D. (2006) ‘Formative assessment and self‐regulated learning: A model and seven principles of good feedback practice’, Studies in Higher Education, 31(2), pp.199-218. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075070600572090

Pino, M. and Mortari, l. (2014) ‘The inclusion of students with dyslexia in higher education: A systematic review using narrative synthesis’, Dyslexia, 20, pp.347-369. https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1484

QAA (2018) UK quality code for higher education advice and guidance: Assessment, Available at: https://www.qaa.ac.uk/docs/qaa/quality-code/advice-and-guidance-assessment.pdf?sfvrsn=ca29c181_4 (Accessed: 2 April 2023)

Rowe, A. D. (2017) ‘Feelings about feedback: the role of emotions in assessment for learning’, in Carless, D., Bridges, S., Chan, C. and Glofcheski, R. (eds.) Scaling up assessment for learning in higher education. The enabling power of assessment, Singapore: Springer, pp.159–172.

Rowe, A. D., Fitness, J. and L. N. Wood, L.N. (2014) ‘The role and functionality of emotions in feedback at university: A qualitative study’, The Australian Educational Researcher, 41, pp. 283–309. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13384-013-0135-7

Ryan, T. and Henderson, M. (2018) 'Feeling feedback: students’ emotional responses to educator feedback', Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(6), pp. 880-892. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1416456

Sinclair, H. and Cleland, J. (2007) ‘Undergraduate medical students: who seeks formative feedback?’, Medical Education, 41, pp. 580–582. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02768.x

Singer, E. and Couper, M.P. (2017) ‘Some methodological uses of responses to open questions and other verbatim comments in quantitative surveys’. Methods, Data, Analyses: A Journal for Quantitative Methods and Survey Methodology, 11(2), pp.115-134. https://doi.org/10.12758/mda.2017.01

Salazar, J. J. (2021). ‘The meaningful and significant impact of writing center visits on college writing performance’. The Writing Center Journal, 39(1/2), pp.55–96. https://www.jstor.org/stable/27172214

Sumner, E., Crane, L. and Hill, E.L. (2021) ‘Examining academic confidence and study support needs for university students with dyslexia and/or developmental coordination disorder’, Dyslexia, 27(1), pp.94-109. https://doi.org/10.1002/dys.1670

Winstone, N.E. and Boud, D. (2022) ‘The need to disentangle assessment and feedback in higher education’, Studies in Higher Education, 47(3), pp. 656-667. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2020.1779687

Winstone, N.E., Nash, R.A., Rowntree, J. and Menezes, R. (2016) 'What do students want most from written feedback information? Distinguishing necessities from luxuries using a budgeting methodology', Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 41(8), pp. 1237-1253. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2015.1075956

Downloads

Published

27-04-2023

How to Cite

Shackel, E. (2023) “The highs and lows of written feedback: student evaluation of writing centre written responses”, Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, (27). doi: 10.47408/jldhe.vi27.999.

Issue

Section

Papers