Success in layers: how widening access students build success in their university life

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi41.1803

Keywords:

widening access, student success, belonging, mature students, student voice

Abstract

This study explores how students from widening access backgrounds make sense of their success in higher education. Semi-structured interview data was collected from eight mature undergraduate students at a widening access university in England. Thematic analysis identified three interconnected layers that shape success: personal inner drivers, social co-production, and institutional structures. Students described how small moments of reassurance, self-belief, and determination helped them stay motivated, while the support of family, peers and approachable staff gave them strength and confidence to continue. Institutional factors, including inclusive teaching, consistent communication, and support mechanisms, either empowered or hindered their progress at times.  Together, these findings show that success is not an individual act of resilience, but a shared achievement built through personal growth, supportive relationships, and responsive institutional environments. The study offers practical insights for universities seeking to design policies and practices to support widening access students to belong, progress, and succeed.

Author Biographies

Mark Gallagher-Read, University of Wales Trinity St David

Mark Gallagher-Read is the Academic Director for the Health discipline at the University of Wales Trinity St David, Birmingham and a health care improvement consultant. His research interests lie mainly in digital health, student success, and teaching and learning. He has a particular interest in improving educational practice and supporting positive student outcomes. Mark is a Senior Fellow of Advance HE.

Besty Jose, University of Wales Trinity St David

Besty Jose is a senior lecturer and a programme manager at the University of Wales Trinity St David, Birmingham. Her research interests include student success, student experience, teaching and learning in higher education and digital health, with a particular focus on work that can make a practical difference to widening participation students and their learning.  She is passionate about helping students succeed and creating a positive, supportive learning experience.

Stephanie Ng, University of Wales Trinity St David

Stephanie Ng has nine years of experience working in higher education. She has co-led different initiatives focused on improving student success initiatives, particularly for widening participation students. She is particularly interested in research that supports student success, student experience, and teaching and learning in higher education. She works closely with students and contributes to activities that support their overall experience.

John Deane, University of Wales Trinity St David

John Deane has 25 years of Senior Management leadership experience in UK HE across the private and public sectors. AdvanceHE Principal Fellow and Fellowship Reviewer. He has 5 years of experience as a QAA Reviewer in the UK and internationally. He is currently Dean of the Birmingham Campus, University of Wales Trinity St David.

References

‌Adams, R. V., & Blair, E. (2019). Impact of time management behaviors on undergraduate engineering students’ performance. SAGE Open, 9(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1177/2158244018824506

Advance HE. (2023a). Student success enhancing student success in higher education. https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/sites/default/files/2020-05/Enhancing%20Student%20Success%20in%20Higher%20Education%20Framework.pdf

Advance HE. (2023b). Equality in higher education: statistical reports 2023. https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/knowledge-hub/equality-higher-education-statistical-reports-2023

Al-Abyadh, M. H. A., & Abdel Azeem, H. A. H. (2022). Academic achievement: Influences of university students’ self-management and perceived self-efficacy. Journal of Intelligence, 10(3), Article 55. https://doi.org/10.3390/jintelligence10030055

Allen, K.-A., Slaten, C., Hong, S., Lan, M., Craig, H., May, F., & Counted, V. (2024). Belonging in higher education: A twenty-year systematic review. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 21(5), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.53761/s2he6n66

Baines, L., Gooch, D., & Ng-Knight, T. (2022). Do widening participation interventions change university attitudes in UK school children? A systematic review of the efficacy of UK programmes, and quality of evaluation evidence. Educational Review, 76(3), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2022.2077703

Berger, R. (2015). Now I see it, now I don’t: Researcher’s position and reflexivity in qualitative research. Qualitative Research, 15(2), 219–234. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794112468475

Boulton, C., (2022). A review of the literature on sense of belonging and community in higher education. Newcastle University.

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77–101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2019). Reflecting on reflexive thematic analysis. Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11(4), 589–597. https://doi.org/10.1080/2159676X.2019.1628806

Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2024). Supporting best practice in reflexive thematic analysis reporting in Palliative Medicine: A review of published research and introduction to the Reflexive Thematic Analysis Reporting Guidelines (RTARG). Palliative medicine, 38(6), 608–616. https://doi.org/10.1177/02692163241234800

Bryman, A. (2016). Social research methods. Oxford University Press.

Cohen, E., & Viola, J. (2022). The role of pedagogy and the curriculum in university students’ sense of belonging. Journal of University Teaching and Learning Practice, 19(4), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.53761/1.19.4.6

Cook, F. (2024). Representation and sense of belonging for people of the Global Majority in higher education. Student Engagement in Higher Education Journal, 5(2), 111–128. https://sehej.raise-network.com/raise/article/view/1210

Crawford, J., Allen, K. A., Sanders, T., Baumeister, R., Parker, P., Saunders, C., & Tice, D., (2024). Sense of belonging in higher education students: An Australian longitudinal study from 2013 to 2019. Studies in Higher Education, 49(3), 395–409. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2023.2238006

Delavande, A., Del Bono, E., Holford, A., & Williams, K. (2025). Timetables, attendance and academic achievement in higher education [Preprint]. SSRN. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5337192

Gill, B., Hayes, S., & Senior, C. (2015). The effects of family support and gender on mature student engagement in higher education. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, Article 156. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00156

Harrison, N., & Waller, R. (2017). Success and impact in widening participation policy: What works and how do we know? Higher Education Policy, 30(2), 141–160. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41307-016-0020-x

Hartley, P., Hilsdon, J., & Keenan, C. (Eds.). (2011). Learning development in higher education. Palgrave Macmillan.

Hillman, N. (2024). Dropouts or stopouts or comebackers or potential completers?’: Non-continuation of students in the UK (HEPI Policy Note No. 53). Higher Education Policy Institute. https://www.hepi.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Dropouts-or-stopouts-or-comebackers-or-potential-completers-Non-continuation-of-students-in-the-UK.pdf

Howson, C. K., & Kingsbury, M. (2024). Belonging and Identity in STEM Higher Education. UCL Press.

Humphrey, O., & Lowe, T. (2017). Exploring how a “sense of belonging” is facilitated at different stages of the student journey in higher education. The Journal of Educational Innovation, Partnership and Change, 3(1), 172–188. https://research.winchester.ac.uk/en/publications/exploring-how-a-sense-of-belonging-is-facilitated-at-different-st-3/

Hunt, R., King, G., & Barnes, C. (2023). Storying student belonging in UK higher education. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 48(3), 615–632. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2023.2266995

Jones, I. (2021). Reconceptualizing the ‘problem’ of widening participation in higher education in England. London Review of Education, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.14324/lre.19.1.02

Kahu, E. R. (2013). Framing student engagement in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 38(5), 758–773. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2011.598505

Kelly, M. L., Nieuwoudt, J., Willis, R., Lee, M. F. (2024). Belonging, enjoyment, motivation, and retention: University students’ sense of belonging before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory and Practice, 28(1), 92–111. https://doi.org/10.1177/15210251241231242

Kilby, L., Labinjo, T., Machaka, R., & Porritt, J. (2022). What am I doing in a place like this?: Understanding Imposter phenomenon amongst postgraduate students from minoritised racial backgrounds. QMiP Bulletin, 1(34), 6–21. https://doi.org/10.53841/bpsqmip.2022.1.34.6

Lessky, F. (2024). First-in-family students’ roots and routes into higher education: Familial dynamics as drivers for breaking intergenerational cycles of educational attainment. European Educational Research Journal, 24(6), 797–819. https://doi.org/10.1177/14749041241310058

Mellors, J., & Vicencio, A. (2025). Widening participation in outward student mobility: Successes, challenges, and opportunities. British Educational Research Journal, 51(5), 2358–2376. https://doi.org/10.1002/berj.4176

Mountford-Zimdars, A., Moore, J., & Graham, J. (2016). Is contextualised admission the answer to the access challenge? Perspectives: Policy and Practice in Higher Education, 20(4), 143–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/13603108.2016.1203369

Naeem, M., Ozuem, W., Howell, K., & Ranfagni, S. (2023). A step-by-step process of thematic analysis to develop a conceptual model in qualitative research. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 22(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1177/16094069231205789

Nowell, L. S. Norris, J. M., White, D. E., & Moules, N. J. (2017). Thematic analysis: Striving to meet the trustworthiness criteria. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 16(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/1609406917733847

O’Shea, S. (2015). Avoiding the manufacture of ‘sameness’: First-in-family students, cultural capital and the higher education environment. Higher Education, 72(1), 59–78. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-015-9938-y

Office for Students. (2024). How student outcomes have changed since 2010-11 Student characteristics data: Student outcomes Key findings for students at English higher education providers between 2010-11 and 2022-23. officeforstudents.org.uk/media/poxj1jvx/student-characteristics-data-outcomes-report-2024.pdf

Office for Students. (2019). Regulatory Notice 1: Access and participation plan guidance for 2019-20. https://www.officeforstudents.org.uk/media/1093/ofs2018_03.pdf

Pitman, T, Ellis, K., Brett, M., Knight, E., & McLennan, D. (2022). Calculating the costs of supporting people with disability in Australian higher education. National Centre for Student Equity in Higher Education, Curtin University. s3.ap-southeast-2.amazonaws.com/assets.acses.edu.au/app/uploads/2022/02/Pitman_Ellis_Curtin_Final-1.pdf

Pollard, E., Huxley, C., Martin, A., Takala, H., & Byford, M. (2019). Impact of the student finance system on participation, experience and outcomes of disadvantaged young people: Literature review. Department for Education. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/5f36acb4d3bf7f1b10d59029/Impact_of_the_student_finance_system_on_disadvantaged_young_people.pdf

QAA. (2023). The inclusive education framework. https://www.qaa.ac.uk/membership/benefits-of-qaa-membership/collaborative-enhancement-projects/equality-diversity-and-inclusion/the-inclusive-education-framework

Reay, D., Crozier, G., & Clayton, J. (2010). “Fitting in” or “standing out”: Working‐class students in UK higher education. British Educational Research Journal, 36(1), 107–124. https://doi.org/10.1080/01411920902878925

Runacres, J., & Herron, D. (2022, April 25). Students with caring responsibilities face significant challenges – but universities are hindering rather than helping them. University of Staffordshire. https://www.staffs.ac.uk/news/2022/04/bunditinayshutterstock-students-with-caring-responsibilities-face-significant-challenges-but-universities-are-hindering-rather-than-helping-them

Stokoe, M., Nordstokke, D., & Wilcox, G., (2024). First year students’ perceptions of the transition to university: The role of informational, instrumental, and emotional support. International Journal of Research in Education and Science, 10(2), 377–393. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijres.3392

Syska, A., & Buckley, C. (2024). How to be a learning developer in higher education. Routledge.

Syska, A., Buckley, C., Sedghi, G., & Grayson, N. (2025). Transformative practice in higher education. Routledge.

TASO. (2024, July 16). Report – Education pathways: Equality gaps in earnings and employment. https://taso.org.uk/libraryitem/report-education-pathways-equality-gaps-in-earnings-and-employment/

Thomas, L. (2013). What works? Facilitating an effective transition into higher education. Widening Participation and Lifelong Learning, 14(1), 4–24. https://doi.org/10.5456/wpll.14.s.4

Thomas, L. (2017). Understanding a whole institution approach to widening participation: Final report. Office for Students. https://www.officeforstudents.org.uk/media/a57bfc5e-bc68-49ee-8e79-0eed3f5be844/understanding-a-whole-institution-approach-to-wp-final-report.pdf

Thomas, L., Hill, M., O’Mahony, J., & Yorke, M. (2017). Supporting student success: strategies for institutional change. Advance HE. https://www.advance-he.ac.uk/knowledge-hub/supporting-student-success-strategies-institutional-change

Thomas, L. (2020). Excellent outcomes for all students: A whole system approach to widening participation and student success in England. Student Success, 11(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.5204/ssj.v11i1.1455

Universities UK. (2024). Fair admissions review. https://www.universitiesuk.ac.uk/what-we-do/policy-and-research/publications/fair-admissions-review

Vossensteyn, J. J., Kottmann, A., Jongbloed, B. W., Kaiser, F., Cremonini, L., Stensaker, B., Hovdhaugen, E., & Wollscheid, S. (2015). Dropout and completion in higher education in Europe: Main report. Publications Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2766/826962

Yorke, M. (2014). The development and initial use of a survey of student ‘belongingness’, engagement and self-confidence in UK higher education. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 41(1), 154–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2014.990415

Downloads

Published

30-09-2026

How to Cite

Gallagher-Read, M., Jose, B., Ng, S., & Deane, J. (2026). Success in layers: how widening access students build success in their university life. Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education, (41). https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi41.1803

Issue

Section

Papers