What do *I*, as a student, think of my own work? Using summative self-assessment in a large technical module
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.47408/jldhe.vi35.1374Keywords:
self-assessment, contract assessment, un-grading, assessment and evaluationAbstract
Self-assessment is a reflective practice enabling learners to evaluate their understanding (McMillan and Hearn, 2008). When fostering metacognitive processes, it can enhance learning by improving intrinsic motivation, understanding and learning strategies (Stanton, Sebesta and Dunlosky, 2021). The benefits for using self-assessment as a summative practice remains debated (for example, Andrade, 2019; Nieminen and Tuohilampi, 2020a; León, Panadero and García-Martínez, 2023). This paper presents the results of a summative self-assessment, on an undergraduate, larger (>100 students), technical module. The developed assessment on the module required submission of a critical self-assessment report around the technical work (i.e., portfolio) completed by students. Along with self-assessment, a combination of contract and negotiated marking was included into the assessment to encourage students’ early engagement with learning. It required completing weekly tutorials, a mid-term formative assessment, and submission of portfolio for an exhibition. The summative self-assessment comprised of a reflective, critical report around student engagement with learning as well as the quality of their completed portfolio. This paper outlines the thematic analysis of the interviews and survey results of the learners. It highlights the perceived benefits and concerns voiced around a summative self-assessment. Some of the results highlight the reduction in stress levels and greater depth of critical assessment of students’ own work. The paper offers practitioners an example on integrating summative self-assessment into teaching by [a] combining elements of contract assessment and negotiated marking, and [b] providing space for students to explore individual learning paths scaffolded through feedback.
References
Alaoutinen, S. and Smolander, K. (2010) ‘Student self-assessment in a programming course using Bloom’s revised taxonomy’, Proceedings of the fifteenth annual conference on Innovation and technology in computer science education. Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey. Association for Computing Machinery, pp.155–159. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1145/1822090.1822135
Andrade, H. and Du, Y. (2007) ‘Student responses to criteria‐referenced self‐assessment’, Assessment & evaluation in higher education, 32(2), pp.159-181. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02602930600801928
Andrade, H. L. (2019) ‘A critical review of research on student self-assessment’, Frontiers in Education, 4. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00087
Barana, A., Boetti, G. and Marchisio, M. (2022) ‘Self-Assessment in the development of mathematical problem-solving skills’, Education Sciences, 12(2), p.81. Available at: https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci12020081
Boud, D. (1995) Enhancing learning through self-assessment. Abingdon: Routledge.
Boud, D. and Falchikov, N. (1989) ‘Quantitative studies of student self-assessment in higher education: a critical analysis of findings’, Higher Education, 18(5), pp.529-549.
Darling-Hammond, L. and Snyder, J. (2000) ‘Authentic assessment of teaching in context’, Teaching and Teacher Education, 16(5), pp.523-545.
Davidson, J. (2009) ‘Exhibitions: connecting classroom assessment with culminating demonstrations of mastery’, Theory into Practice, 48(1), pp.36-43. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/00405840802577585
Eva, K. W. and Regehr, G. (2005) ‘Self-assessment in the health professions: a reformulation and research agenda’, Academic Medicine, 80(10), pp.S46-S54.
Falchikov, N. and Boud, D. (1989) ‘Student self-assessment in higher education: a meta-analysis’, Review of Educational Research, 59(4), pp.395-430.
Herrington, J., Reeves, T. C. and Oliver, R. (2014) ‘Authentic learning environments’, in J. M. Spector, M. D. Merrill, J. Elen and M. J. Bishop (eds) Handbook of Research on educational communications and technology. New York, NY: Springer New York, pp.401-412.
Jamrus, M. H. M. and Razali, A. B. (2019) ‘Using self-assessment as a tool for English language learning’, English Language Teaching, 12(11), pp.64-73. Available at: https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v12n11p64
León, S. P., Panadero, E. and García-Martínez, I. (2023) ‘How accurate are our students? A meta-analytic systematic review on self-assessment scoring accuracy’, Educational Psychology Review, 35(4), p.106. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-023-09819-0
Mckendry, S. and Boyd, V. (2012) ‘Defining the “independent learner” in UK higher education: staff and students’ understanding of the concept’, International Journal of Teaching and Learning in Higher Education, 24(2), pp.209-220.
McMillan, J. H. and Hearn, J. (2008) ‘Student self-assessment: the key to stronger student motivation and higher achievement’, Educational Horizons, 87(1), pp.40-49.
McVarish, J. and Milne, C. (2014) ‘Moving beyond grade-getting with self-assessment’ in J. McVarish and C. Milne (eds) Teacher educators rethink self-assessment in higher education. Oxford: Peter Lang, pp.1-14.
Nieminen, J. H. and Tuohilampi, L. (2020a) ‘“Finally studying for myself”: examining student agency in summative and formative self-assessment models’, Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 45(7), pp.1031-1045. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2020.1720595
Panadero, E., Brown, G. T. L. and Strijbos, J.-W. (2016) ‘The future of student self-assessment: a review of known unknowns and potential directions’, Educational Psychology Review, 28(4), pp.803-830. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-015-9350-2
Sambell, K., McDowell, L. and Montgomery, C. (2012) Assessment for learning in higher education. Abingdon: Routledge.
Sokhanvar, Z., Salehi, K. and Sokhanvar, F. (2021) ‘Advantages of authentic assessment for improving the learning experience and employability skills of higher education students: a systematic literature review’, Studies in Educational Evaluation, 70, p.101030. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.stueduc.2021.101030
Stanton, J. D., Sebesta, A. J. and Dunlosky, J. (2021) ‘Fostering metacognition to support student learning and performance’, CBE—Life Sciences Education, 20(2), p.fe3. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.20-12-0289
Stephenson, J. and Laycock, M. (1993) Using learning contracts in higher education. Hove: Psychology Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).